As a general rule, the further you are from the central grid, the less people there are, both good and bad so that means it is safer. However it also makes it harder to trade at Constantinople which is a trading hub ran by the village, Sodom. The reverse is true as well.
In regards to killing other players. The penalty of death is very harsh. If you are familiar with rogue-like games such as Nethack or Unreal World, you should be familiar that dying means losing that character permanently. In Haven and Hearth, you do have an option to create a character that inherbits a percentage of your dead character's LP and stats, the amount retained is based on your character's Change/Tradition belief slider found here
http://havenandhearth.wikia.com/wiki/Personal_Beliefs.
The scent system allows someone ranging and sufficient (perception x exploration) total to track someone that committed a crime, tracking the perpetrator if they are online or their hearthfire. Scents that are not assault or trespass allows you to summon the perpetrator while they are offline if you are able to find their hearthfire in your view which allows you to do what you wish to them.
Some of the more immature enjoy causing a lot of havoc on the world, stealing/pillaging and even killing with little to no reason nor remorse The notable ones are Dizzy along with Ironcliff, crfernald, cake-tan, and UnicornRider. Note that this is previous notoriety so while it may hold true a month ago, it will not take account of any change of playstyle. Other intermediate are more content with peace, such as Ravenholm, Wickerton, Mirigorod, and TOH (under new management, not the empire). The high level veterans are varied in this world, the notable establishment are listed: Bottleneck, Sodom, Goons, A.D. , and Holy Roman Empire. They are generally (but not always) more disciplined though this does not mean they are good or evil (which is a relative term anyhow). Unfortunately I have littl knowledge of the inner workings of the system of the high tier villages.
Pretty much that you will find governments, cities, and politics are all player made and a lot of it emulate the real world today. It is a very interesting sight to witness if you are watching from a third person perspective and even moreso if you observe from the view from a hearthling.
Best wishes to you.