The very very basics:
The first step to farming is seeds. You can get these by begging or by drying wild windsown weed (WWW) on either drying racks or an herbalist table. Once complete they give you seeds, which should be immediately put in plowed ground.
Different seeds grow at different rates and just when you can’t bear the thought of eating another apple, the plants will be ready to be harvested for seeds and the cycle can begin again. These seeds should be replanted (If you are lucky enough to get wheat as your first crop, the straw should be used to build a bee hive right away, which will increase the growth speed of crops around it).
The number of seeds you get depends on your industry/nature slider. If you are going to be a farmer, this slide is the first one you should move. When you are full nature you will get 3 seeds per crop. This guide assumes you have done so.
Keep replanting the harvested seeds until you have a 4x4 square of whatever crop. Congradu-lions, you have your first quality control field! I continue in this manner until I have a 4x4 field for every seed type I have picked up and add additional 4x4 fields for high demand crops such as wheat and flax.
Next basics-Why Quality matters:
Quality control of these fields is important. Higher quality wheat leads to higher quality flour, to higher quality dough, to higher quality food items, to more FEP, to higher stats. Higher quality crops also increase the quality of your honey (capped by the quality of the hive, so when you start getting q20 straw it would be best to rebuild the hive).
For these reasons, it is important to replant the best seeds, feed the next best ones to your animals, eat the other good ones, and throw away the low quality seeds that will never get used for anything ever(people seem to struggle with that last part). Extra flax seeds can be used to plant huge rows of fax where quality doesn’t matter, since low q linen is useful in banners.
The important part-How to find the best seeds:
You may be tempted, as I was, to use seed sacks. I have learned that it is better to avoid them. Instead gather 4 straw baskets around the area you are going to farm (Chests would make your life easier and one large chest would make it down right pleasant, but I assume if you want a farming guide you’ll only have access to straw baskets). Straw baskets can hold 16 items. You get three seeds per harvest. Simple math says that you can harvest 5 crops and fill one basket with seeds and the last plant can be used to fill the remaining slot in each basket. Any drops such as straw or plant fibers should go in the fourth basket.
When every plant is harvested in your 4x4 control field all 4 baskets will be full. The first three will have seeds, the last will have straw/plant fibers/leafs/ect.
The trick now is finding the best 16 seeds that are spread across three baskets. To do this we use a combination of control, shift, mousewheel and the right mouse button. These shortcuts are extremely important. Try not to hurt yourself, as I did, as you faceplam at the realization that you haven’t been using them.
http://ringofbrodgar.com/wiki/Keyboard_Shortcuts
Ctrl + click on an object in inventory or a container Drop object at feet
Shift + click on an object in inventory or a container Transfer object to container/inventory
Use shift+mousewheel to transfer items from container to inventory, or back.
Use shift+ctrl+mousewheel to sort by quality (descending) when transferring.
Use shift+ctrl+mousewheel+right mouse to sort by quality (ascending) when transferring.
The trick with these is that the mouse cursor has to be over the container, not your inventory. Mouse down is from inventory, mouse up is to inventory.
On to the real guide.
Finding the best seeds for planting
1) Harvest 5 plants, dump these seeds in basket one (shift+mousewheel down while hovering over the basket
2) Repeat this step for basket two
3) Repeat this step for basket three
4) Harvest the remaining plant and transfer these seeds each of the three baskets
5) Transfer the 5 best seeds from basket 1 to your inventory (control+shift+mousewheel up)
6) Repeat this step for basket two and three (copy one extra seed from any basket)
Note: It is more than reasonable to stop here and plant these seeds. You have the 5 best seeds from each section and one extra high quality seed. Continue only if you are a true quality slut.
7) Go back to basket one and transfer the 5 lowest quality seeds from your inventory to basket 1 (mouse over basket 1 and hold control+shift+right click+mousewheel down).
8) Copy the 5 best seeds from basket 1 to your inventory
9) Repeat last two steps for basket 2 and 3.
10) Plant these 16 seeds.
Any harvestables such as tobacco leaves or straw can go into basket 4. If they don’t fit (Tobacco would take two baskets) another place to store them is (obviously) required. If the harvestables go straight into your inventory, it is important to store them before you start the seed sorting process.
The same sorting method could be used to find the next best seeds for fodder or food, just decide how many seeds you want, divide that by the number of baskets you have, and use that number as the amount to transfer between baskets.
In the case of grapes, which can’t be planted right away, the top 16 would be taken straight to the press, pressed, and then the seeds planted.
In the case of pumpkins, use all 4 baskets to hold one pumpkin each. Arrange them in basket order from lowest to highest. Compare each new pumpkin to find out if it displaces any. If not drop it on the ground (they are easy to see and can take a while to rot away). When the top two are found, slice them and plant their seeds. Combine their flesh into one basket. Take the next highest pumpkins and place them directly into fodder troughs or chicken coups (counts as 16 fodder each). Really, probably best to let the other pumpkins rot, they are not that useful.
In the case of tea you only get two seeds each, so you only need two baskets. Use the other two for leaves. Use the same process to find the best quality leaves and the best quality seeds (7 from each basket in this case, return the lowest q 7 a basket, then copy the highest quality 7 back).
I think I covered everything, but if I didn’t, please respond and I’ll keep this updated.