I teamed up with a friend and got some numbers and a decent strategy for killing lower level animals.
With pretty much the same stats as the first post, I can do about 145 damage to badgers and about half that to foxes. I hit about 1/3 shots though, so it doesn't work that great.
What I ended up doing is having my friend hold a wooden roundshield, which blocks the majority of damage from foxes and badgers as it turns out, and having him tank the damage while I pop off shots. Together we can kill badgers and foxes pretty easily with minimal damage taken.
Haven't tested against other animals yet, we need better stats I think to take on boars.