No, no, no! Not Fractal! Fractal is different from Procedural. First of all, natural terrain is not self-similar. What defines mountains is not what defines hills. I go into detail in my
last thread on the subject, and I'll spare everyone my going back over it.
What, you've never seen a 50x50 meter pool? Artifacts like two or three tile islands can be found easily enough, though really they aren't that objectionable. I imagine simply flooding tiles and marking them as "good" if there's more than three continuous tiles or however many, then contineueing until the whole region has been marked good or not. Then it's simply a matter of making each bad tile match some adjacent good tile, and it's all fixed up.
As for rivers, it would be quite easy to generate a margin of perhaps a hundred or a thousand tiles around a specific tile, then run the post-processing, which would draw rivers and mountain passes and find artifacts, then crop the margins off. If rivers would run off the map at that point, you mark them with a new river source for later worldgen, and next time you gen a region, you can load up that list of border rivers. And don't worry about rivers flowing from a new region into an old one; with a healthy margin, you'd locate all rivers that could possibly flow onto a region when it's first created. Just find the longest possible slope and add some extra to that and there you go.
Climate zones are far easier to do with Procedural maps than anything I can think of. Sure you can plop "tropical" zones here or there, but there will be sharp boarders unless you find a way to draw gradual transitions, which will need to interact in combination. With Procedural design, all you must do is add a temperature map and tie the output tile's type to the temperature. Your semitropical zones will be between tropical and temperate zones because the temperature's right, not because they where placed there.
And hey, I could eat a plate of tie-die yarn alfresco and vomit a better-looking map than what we have. Don't you think something like this:
Each pixel roughly equal to a tileWould be better than something with more pasta art?
I'm not saying to remake the map in my image right now. But really play with some procedural design. It can do some great things.
Now if you'll excuse me, I must go plug in my icemaker.